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Referenser

[Central venkateter]

  1. Wilson J, Grow J, Demong C et al. Central venous pressure in optimal blood volume maintenance. Archives of Surgery 1962;85:563-78.
  2. Dudrick S, Wilmore D, Vars H, Rhoads J. Long-term total parenteral nutrition with growth, development, and positive nitrogen balance. Surgery 1968;64(1):134-42.
  3. Parras F, Ena J, Bouza E et al. Impact of an educational program for the prevention of colonization of intravascular catheters. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994;15(4 Pt 1):239-42.
  4. Eggimann P, Harbarth S, Constantin MN et al. Impact of a prevention strategy targeted at vascular-access care on incidence of infections acquired in intensive care. Lancet 2000;355(9218):1864-8.
  5. Sherertz R, Ely E, Westbrook D et al. Education of physicians-in-training can decrease the risk for vascular catheter infection. Ann Intern Med 2000;132(8):641-8.
  6. Coopersmith C, Rebmann T, Zack J et al. Effect on an educational program on decreasing catheter-related bloodstream infections in the surgical intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2002;30(1):59-64.
  7. Raad, I, Hohn D, Gilbreath B et al. Prevention of central venous catheter-related infections by using maximal sterile barrier precautions during insertion. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994;15(4 Pt 1):231-8.
  8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings: Recommendations of the healthcare infection control practices advisory committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA hand hygiene task force. MMWR 2002;51(No. RR-16):1-45.
  9. O'Grady N, Alexander M, Dellinger E et al. Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep 2002;51(RR-10):1-29.
  10. Raad I, Costerton W, Sabharwal U et al. Ultrastructural analysis of indwelling vascular catheters: A quantitative relationship between luminal colonization and duration of placement. J Infect Dis 1993;168:400-407.
  11. Salzman M, Isenberg H, Rubin L. Use of disinfectants to reduce microbial contamination of hubs of vascular catheters. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31(3):475-9.
  12. Do A, Ray B, Banerjee S et al. Bloodstream infection associated with needleless device use and the importance of infection-control practices in the home health care setting. J Infect Dis 1999;179(2):442-8.
  13. Ely E, Hite R, Baker A et al. Venous air embolism from central venous catheterization: a need for increased physician awareness. Crit Care Med 1999;27(10):2113-7.
  14. Seymour VM, Dhallu TS, Moss HA, Tebbs SE, Elliot TS. A prospective clinical study to investigate the microbial contamination of a needless connector. J Hosp Infect 2000;45(2):165-8.
  15. Bouza E, Munoz P, Lopez-Rodriguez J, Jesus Perez M, Rincon C, Martin Rabadan P, et al. A needless closed system device (CLAVE) protects from intravascular catheter tip and hub colonization: a prospective randomized study. J Hosp Infect 2003;54(4):279-87.
  16. Casey AL, Worthington T, Lambert PA, Quinn D, Faroqui MH, Elliott TS. A randomized, prospective clinical trial to assess the potential infection risk associated with the PosiFlow needeless connector. J Hosp Infect 2003;54(4):288-93.
  17. Yebenes JC, Vidaur L, Serra-Prat M, Sirvent JM, Batlle J, Motje M, et al. Prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infection in critically ill patients using a disinfectable, needle-free connector: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Infect Control 2004;32(5):291-5.
  18. Josephson A, Gombert M, Sierra M et al. The relationship between intravenous fluid contamination and the frequency of tubing replacement. J Infect Control 1985;6(9):367-70.
  19. Maki D, Botticelli J, LeRoy M, Thielke T. Prospective study of replacing administration sets for intravenous therapy at 48- vs 72-hour intervals. 72 hours is safe and cost-effective. JAMA 1987;258(13):1777-81.
  20. Snydman D, Donnelly-Reidy M, Perry L, Martin W. Intravenous tubing containing burettes can be safely changed at 72 hour intervals. J Infect Control 1987;8(3):113-6.
  21. Hanna H, Raad I. Blood products: A significant risk factor for long-term catheter-related bloodstream infections in cancer patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2001;22(3):165-6.
  22. Raad I, Hanna H, Awad A et al. Optimal frequency of changing intravenous administration sets: is it safe to prolong use beyond 72 hours? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2001;22(3):136-9.
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  24. Randoph AG, Cook DJ, Gonzales CA, Andrew M. Benefit of heparin in peripheral venous and arterial catheters: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 1998;316/7136):969-75.
  25. Reed T, Phillips S. Management of central venous catheter occlusions and repairs. J Intreven Nums 1996;19(6):289-94.
  26. Hadaway LC. Flushing to reduce central catheter occlusions. Nursing 2000;30(10):74.
  27. Kelly C, Dumenko L, McGregor S, McHutchion M. A change in flushing protocols of central venous catheters. Oncol Nurs Forum 1992;19(4):599-605.
  28. Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting. Förebygg infektioner vid centrala venösa infarter. Nationell satsning för ökad patientsäkerhet. 2008 Länk till pdf-dokumentet
  29. Bona R. Thrombotic complications of central venous catheters in cancer patients. Semin Thromb Hemost 1999;25(2):147-55.
  30. Haire WD, Atkinson JB, Stephens LC, Kotulak GD. Urokinase versus recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in thrombosed central venous catheters: a double-blinded, randomized trial. Thromb Haemost 1994;72(4):543-7.
Revideringsdatum:
2009-06-01
Manusförfattare:

Eva Johansson, leg sjuksköterska, med dr, Hematologiskt Centrum, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Solna

Medarbetare: Ewa Maria Wallin, leg sjuksköterska, Anestesi och Intensivvårdskliniken, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Solna

Mats Strömberg, leg sjuksköterska, Onkologkliniken, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Solna

Faktagranskare:

Mia Colliander och Lena Nilsson, Nationella Vårdhandboksrådet

Publicerad:
2010-02-02

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